Problem statement: In the construction industry, success of building projects greatly depends on the client’s performance. The performance of clients is crucial since decisions made will influence the overall project performance. Typically, clients are represented by managerial and technical representatives during the design process. They play major roles in conveying required information to the design team regarding their future project. The quality of clients’ representatives has potential influence on design team performance. In designing green buildings client’s attributes are critical factors to high performance of building projects. Attributes such as knowledge and experience on green buildings, commitment level to green and clients’ ability to participate and manage design process are the key factors to produce green design. The propose of this study to identify current performance level of clients of building projects and establish key clients’ attributes influencing green design performance. Approach: To achieve mentioned aim a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect dada required. A sample of 274 respondents has been covered under the study, including architects and engineers practicing design and consultancy building sectors. Prior to analysis of data WINSTEPS software were used for Rasch modeling to determine validity and reliability of date. Descriptive analysis data includes quantitative and qualitative. Results and Conclusion: Client qualities in general were low, client communication with design team; client involvement and ability to coordinate design process were moderate. However, Knowledge and experience on green …

This paper presents empirical methods for enhancing the accuracy of inductive learning systems. It addresses the problems of: learning propositional production rules in multi-class classification tasks in noisy domains, maintaining continuous learning when confronted with new situation after the initial learning phase is completed, and classifying an object when no rule is satisfied for it.

It is shown that interleaving the learning and performance-evaluation process allows accurate classifications to be made on real-world data sets. The paper presents the system ARIS which implements this approach, and it is shown that the resulting classifications are often more accurate than those made by the non-refined knowledge bases.

The core design decision that lies behind ARIS is that it employs an ordering of the rules according to their weight. A rule’s weight is learned by using Bayes’ theorem to calculate weights for the rule’s conditions and combining them. This model focuses the analyses of the knowledge base and assists the refinement process significantly.

The system is non-interactive, it relies on heuristics to focus the refinement on those experiments that appear to be most consistent with the refinement data set. The design framework of ARIS consists of tabular model for expressing rule weights, and the relationship between refinement cases and the rules satisfied for each case to focus the refinement process. The system has been used to refine knowledge bases created by ARIS itself, as well as to refine knowledge bases created by the RIPPER and C4.5 systems in ten selected domains.

Numerical simulations have been carried out for highly under-expanded jet from an accidental release of high-pressure hydrogen–oxygen mixture into the atmospheric pressure by using KIVA-3V software. The original KIVA-3V [1] solves 3-D unsteady transport equations of a turbulent, and the chemically reactive mixture of gases. The gas phase solution procedure is based on a finite volume method called ALE (Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian) method. A shock structure from the under-expansion is numerically resolved in a small computational domain above the jet exit. In this paper the investigate of a high pressure jet (30 MPa) of hydrogen-oxygen mixture by using a directed numerical simulation have been conducted. A small hole of 2 mm is assumed to be opened on the wall of a tank and a chocked mixture is injected to air. The autoigniton of pressurized hydrogen-oxygen mixture was predicted to first take place downstream of the Mach dick as the mixture heated to self-ignition temperature. Such knowledge is valuable for studying the ignition characteristics of high-pressure hydrogen jets in the safety context.

In this paper we study the use of the Brill tagger [5,6,7] for tagging Modern Standard Arabic (henceforth MSA) text. The Brill tagger is a famous public domain part of speech tagger, originally designed for tagging English text by implementing machine learning approach through the method of transformation rules. IT had been adopted for other languages by many researchers [17,19,22]. Some modifications are needed on the learner and tagger that are written partly in perl and partly in C programming languages, and are run under the unix/linux operating system. The main change is done on the initial state tagger, which is used by both learner and tagger. A program is written using the lexical analyzer Lex to capture Arabic morphological structures, and then interfaced with both learner and tagger. The tagset used in this work is a revised version of that introduced by Khoja [11]. The revision included changing some of the tags for linguistic considerations and introducing some new tags to make the set more powerful, or to make up for limitations in the original tagset that hinder tagging some words. The corpus is obtained from two Jordanian magazines, and has to go through a series of editing steps. A collection of lexical rules and contextual rules are obtained and applied to Arabic text. The tagging accuracy of the resulting tagged text is measured now to be an average of up to about 84% for both known and unknown words, A rate, which is very promising for such a complex language and rich tagset. We still hope for better performance.

Since last two decades the work on oleogels is being exploited in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and nutraceutical industries for their desired rheological, physical, and chemical stabilities in semisolid formulations. Recently, we had developed a

stable and efficacious oleogel containing diclofenac diethylamine for topical application.The present review article deals with the literature of oleogels including its application in various fields from last few decades till date. The literature reveals that the oleogels have simplicity in manufacturing, high physical, chemical, and mechanical stability and better invivo efficacy,which make them appropriate to employ as bases for topical formulations.

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