Abstract

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age. This study investigates the prevalence of PCOS, focusing on patient-related and disease-related factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore obstetricians' and gynecologists' perspectives on the diagnosis, prevalence, and management of PCOS. A total of 35 specialists, each with at least three years of clinical experience, participated. The survey included open-ended questions covering patient-related factors (e.g., symptoms, lifestyle) and disease-related aspects (e.g., prevalence, diagnostic methods, treatment). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews from January to April 2022, ensuring confidentiality and standardized procedures to minimize bias. This study analyzed PCOS's prevalence, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. The highest prevalence (62.9%) was observed in the 20–29 age group, declining with age. Unknown causes accounted for 51.42% of cases, followed by hormonal and genetic factors (41.42% each). Menstrual irregularity (80%) was the most common symptom. Ultrasound was the primary diagnostic tool (82.85%), while metformin was the most prescribed treatment (71.42%). PCOS was the most prevalent condition among gynecological disorders (57.14%). These findings highlight the significant burden of PCOS and the need for improved management strategies. Our study concluded that the PCOS remains a significant health concern both globally and within Libya. Highlights the necessity for heightened awareness, early screening, and tailored management strategies. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying causes of regional prevalence variations and to develop culturally appropriate interventions that address the unique needs of the Libyan female population.

Keywords: PCOS, Hyperandrogenism, Endocrine Disorders, Infertility.

Abstract:

The construction of residential buildings in the state of Libya has become increasingly expensive, necessitating cost-effective design solutions. Structural engineers play a critical role in reducing construction costs while ensuring safety and efficiency. One approach to achieving an optimal design is minimizing the dimensions of structural elements ,a critical factor influencing structural performance and economy is the rigidity of beam-to-column connections, which significantly affects deformations and then internal forces. According to beam bending theory, bending moments and shear forces are directly proportional to deformation. Therefore, reducing primary curvature leads to a decrease in design moments, allowing for more economical structural sections. This study investigates the impact of considering partial rigidity in beam-to-column connections within reinforced concrete (RC) frame, particularly for single-story buildings. In conventional structural design, connections are often assumed to be either fully rigid or fully pinned, neglecting partial rigidity effects. This oversimplified modeling approach results in overdesign and increased material consumption, deviating from sustainability principles. The research use SAP2000 structural analysis software to assess various degrees of connection rigidity and their influence on member deformation. The findings indicate that incorporating realistic connection rigidity can reduce beam deformation by up to 20% (at 0.7 rigidity) , leading to smaller and more cost-effective frame sections. Furthermore, common construction methods in the state of Libya inherently provide a certain degree of rigidity at beam-to-column interfaces, yet current design practices often overlook this advantage. This study underscores the importance of optimizing beam-to-column connection rigidety to enhance structural performance, reduce material usage, and align with sustainable design principles. The findings contribute to improving cost efficiency in RC frame construction, providing valuable insights for engineers seeking to optimize structural design in residential buildings

Keywords:Beam-to-Column,Connection, Sustainability, Optimum Design , Rigidety

Abstract

This paper investigates the relationship between economic corruption and the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Libya. Utilizing time-series data from 1990 to 2019 and employing an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the paper assesses the impact of economic corruption, measured by the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) index, on the Sustainable Development Index (SDI). The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between economic corruption and sustainable development. The paper further examines the roles of economic growth, human capital, inflation, and unemployment as key determinants influencing sustainable development outcomes. The results emphasize the need for comprehensive strategies to combat corruption, promote good governance, and foster inclusive economic development to accelerate progress toward the SDGs in Libya.

Abstract: The exact solution of a nonlinear fractional Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equation is found in this paper through the successful application of the Abaoub Shkheam decomposition method. These techniques have a wider range of applications due to their dependability and decreased computational effort. 

ABSTRACT: This paper applies the Abaoub – Shkheam Decomposition Method (QDM) to obtaining solutions of linear fractional diffusion equations. The fractional derivative is described in the Caputo sense. Some illustrative examples are given, revealing the effectiveness and convenience of the method. 

Abstract: In this paper, a nonlinear fractional diffusion and wave equations are solved using the Abaoub-Shkheam Decomposition Method (QDM). The Caputo sense is used to characterise the fractional derivative. An example is provided to demonstrate the method's efficiency and practicality.