A new mechanical framework is introduced to describe bodies with time-continuous mass

variation, incorporating a functional dependence on mass. In this approach, the dynamics

are governed by momentum balance equations formulated using Caputo fractional

derivatives, which adhere to a weak form of Galilean invariance. The formulation is

particularly focused on the Meshchersky kinetics, accounting for both mass and velocity

changes. As a practical example, this paper presents a novel model for the motion of a

material body with continuously varying mass in a constant gravitational field—leading to

a time-fractional version of the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, augmented by a dissipative

term. Under time-based approximation, deviations from vertical projectile motion are

analyzed to assess the internal consistency of the proposed model.

A three-parameter generalization of the Tsallis entropy based on the properties of the power functions and Weyl fractional calculus like extension of quantum calculus, are introduced. The generalization of the Shannon-Khinchin axioms corresponding to the fractional Tsallis entropy is verified and proposed. These axioms uniquely characterize new entropy function. For a certain sets of parameter values satisfied the second and third law of thermodynamics, the Lesche and thermodynamic stability criteria.

Marine water jet propulsion systems require optimized nozzle and duct geometries to maximize thrust and efficiency, yet design improvements are often limited by the lack of integrated hydrodynamic analysis. This study aimed to design an efficient marine water jet and evaluate its hydrodynamic performance through combined CAD modeling and CFD simulation. A three-dimensional model of the propulsion system was developed in SolidWorks, incorporating optimized nozzle and internal duct geometry. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to analyze velocity fields, pressure distributions, and thrust output under defined fluid properties and boundary conditions. Both the complete jet system (including a free-surface water interface) and a simplified nozzle-only configuration was examined. Simulations revealed clear correlations between geometric parameters and performance, identifying configurations that improved energy conversion and reduced wall friction. The optimized design achieved higher thrust efficiency compared to baseline geometries. Integrated CAD–CFD analysis provides a robust framework for marine water jet design, enabling targeted geometry refinements that enhance hydrodynamic performance. The findings support future development of high-efficiency propulsion systems for marine applications. 

Steel corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is a major concern in civil engineering, as it directly affects the safety, serviceability, and lifespan of infrastructures. This study focuses on understanding how corrosion-induced deterioration in steel reinforcement impacts the structural performance of concrete beams. In particular, it investigates how different levels of reinforcement loss influence the load-bearing capacity and failure mechanisms of RC beams under combined bending and shear. To achieve this, a numerical approach was adopted using the ABAQUS finite element software. Three beam models were developed, each representing a different degree of corrosion: intact reinforcement, 20% loss, and 25% loss in cross-sectional area. The models were designed to closely simulate the physical behavior of corroded beams, incorporating nonlinear material properties, bond degradation, and failure criteria. The findings reveal a clear decline in structural performance as corrosion severity increases. Beams with higher reinforcement loss exhibited reduced ultimate loads, increased deflections, and altered failure modes - particularly in shear-dominated regions. The simulation results aligned well with available experimental data, demonstrating the accuracy and reliability of the modeling approach. This research highlights the importance of early detection and quantification of corrosion damage in RC structures. By employing advanced finite element tools like ABAQUS, engineers can better predict structural degradation, evaluate safety margins, and plan timely interventions. The study provides valuable insights into infrastructure asset management and supports the development of effective maintenance strategies aimed at extending the service life of aging concrete structures exposed to aggressive environments.

KEYWORDS

Reinforcement, Deflection, Numerical, Analysis, ABAQUS, FE Modelling

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles

(a). IEEE Format:

[1] Bashir Saleh , "Numerical Evaluation of Corrosion-Induced Degradation in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Finite Element Analysis in ABAQUS," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 3967 - 3974, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130536.

(b). APA Format:

Bashir Saleh (2025). Numerical Evaluation of Corrosion-Induced Degradation in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Finite Element Analysis in ABAQUS. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 13(5), 3967 - 3974. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2025.130536.