This search aims to apply developed geochemical methods to a number of oils and source rock extracts to better establish the features of ancient environments that occurred in the Murzuq basin. Geochemical and geophysical approaches were used to confirm further a source contribution from other Paleozoic formations to hydrocarbon accumulations in the basin. One hundred and forty rock units were collected from B1-NC151, D1-NC174, A1-NC 76, D1-NC 151, F1-NC58, A1-NC 186, P1-NC 101, D1-NC 58, H1-NC58 and A1-NC58 wells. Seven crude oils were collocated A1-NC186, B1-NC186, E2-NC101, F3-NC174, A10-NC115, B10-NC115 and H10-NC115 wells. A geochemical assessment of the studied rocks and oils was done by means of geochemical parameters of total organic carbon (TOC), Rock-Eval analysis, detailed-various biomarkers and stable carbon isotope. The TOC values from B1-NC151 range 0.40% to 8.5%, A1-NC186 0.3% and 1.45, A1-NC76 0.39% to 0.74%, D1-NC151 0.40% to 2.00% to F1-NC58 0.40% to 1.12%. D1_NC174 0.30% to 10 %, P1-NC101 0.80% to 1.35%, D1-NC58 0.5% to 1.10%, H1-NC58 0.20% to 3.50%, A1-NC58 0.40% to 1.60%. The categories of organic matter from rock-eval pyrolysis statistics point to that type II kerogen is the main type, in association with type III, and no of type I kerogen recognized. Vitrinite reflectance (%Ro), Tmax and Spore colour index (SCI) as thermal maturity parameters reflect that the measured rock units are have different maturation levels, ranging from immature to mature sources. acritarchs distribution for most samples could be recognized and Palynomorphs are uncommon. Pristane to phytane ratios (> 1) revealed marine shale to lacustrine of environmental deposition. The Stable carbon isotope (δ 13C) values of seven rock-extract samples are -30.98‰ and -29.14‰ of saturates and -29.86‰ to -28.37‰ aromatic fractions. The oil saturate hydrocarbon fractions range between -29.36‰ to -28.67‰ and aromatic are among -29.98 ‰ to -29.55 ‰. The δ 13C data in both rock extractions and crude oils are closer to each other, typical in sign of Paleozoic age. It is clear that the base of Tanezzuft Formation (Hot shale) is considered the main source rocks. The Devonian Awaynat Wanin Formation as well locally holds sufficient oil prone kerogen to consider as potential source rocks. Ordovician Mamuniyat Formation shales may poorly contain oil prone kerogen to be addressed in future studies. An assessment of the correlations between the oils and potential source rocks and between the oils themselves indicated that most of the rocks extracts were broadly similar to most of the oils and supported by carbon stable isotope analysis results. 

The main aim of this study is experimenting using online recorded video lectures as a substitute for face-to-face lectures after it has become impossible for some of the students to attend normal classes due to the fighting taking place in the areas around the capital city of Tripoli. Another aim of equal importance is investigating the students’ attitudes and feelings towards this use of online recorded video lectures. The study took place in the school of languages at the Libyan Academy and the sample was taken from MA students of applied linguistics studying the subject of syntax in the spring semester in 2019. A questionnaire was distributed to 49 students after having watched 24 videos covering material of 6 normal lectures. However, only 40 copies of the questionnaire were returned.

The results showed that students have positive attitudes towards using online video lectures and appreciated their use. They said that they had found these videos useful and that they had benefited from them in spite of the difficulties they encountered. Among the difficulties mentioned by the students themselves was weak internet connection which made it difficult for them to download these videos or even watch them online. Another difficulty was lack of student-teacher interaction and student participation found in face-to-face lectures. To solve the latter problem, students suggested using online video lectures instead of recorded ones to enable students to participate, comment, discuss and ask questions during the lecture. To solve the first problem and others, it was recommended that the Libyan government and related bodies including the ministry of education make efforts to improve relevant services and provide facilities including internet service to cope with the advances taking place in developed countries. 

ABSTRACT

Fat cadherins comprise the largest of all known members of cadherin superfamily. They are present

in all multicellular organisms and retain a high degree of structural conservation. In Drosophila

there are two Fat genes: Fat and Fat-like, whilst in vertebrates there are four members called Fat1,

Fat2, Fat3 and Fat4. Our lab group focused on the use of various biochemical methods to analyse

expression of the FAT1 protein. Because of the high molecular size of FAT1 protein our laboratory

has used affinity purification to prepare bespoke rabbit anti-FAT1 antibodies using FAT1 protein

prepared as GST fusions. five overlapping segments of the FAT1 cytoplasmic tail designated A, B,

C, D and E as GST-fusion proteins contained within pGEX plasmids were assigned in our lab.

According to their sequences and hosted rabbit name antibodies were named N34B, N35B and

N34E. To test the efficacy of each antibody preparation, two different techniques were undertaken,

first Western blotting and second immunofluorescent staining. By this analysis the

immunoreactivity of N34B, N35B and N34E compare favourably with the CTD-pAb. N34E

produced less than satisfactory results in this test with low signal to noise and these results are

omitted here. This staining pattern was largely consistent between N34B and N34E, but the signal

to background was a considerably high. According to that the use of the new B and E antibodies

was restricted to Western blotting where these reagents fulfilled the functional requirements.

Key words: Fat1, Fat1 antibodies, cadherins, western blot. Immunofluorescence staining

Available transfer capability is an index to measure the security and economic viability of an interconnected system. However, to accurately determine this index, other associated parameters need to be accurately evaluated. One of these parameters is the capacity benefit margin (CBM). For efficient power generation reliability and sustainability, a certain amount of supply capacity is commonly reserved by utilities, which in most cases remain unused, to reduce the effect of generation outage. To minimize this unused reserve, utilities usually reserve a predetermined amount of tie-line capacity between interconnected areas to have access to external supply. This tie-line reserved for this purpose is termed as capacity benefit margin (CBM). In this paper a technique for computing CBM is used, the sensitivity of CBM support from other areas to the increase in load in one of the areas is investigated, and conclusively, demand side management is proposed to improve the quantification of CBM. The contribution of this work is the assessment of the CBMs support from other areas during a critical condition, using the flexibility of DSM technique. The modified 24-bus IEEE reliability test system is employed for the verification of the approach.