ABSTRACT: This paper focuses on using natural language processing (NLP) in chatbots to manage stress in war-affected countries. A Java-based chatbot was designed to alleviate stress using two algorithms: TextRank and Stanford_CoreNLP. The problem was solved by integrating different languages using a plugin. The chatbot was tested with fifteen people and received positive feedback. Modifications were made based on user feedback, with journaling being a winner. However, the chatbot faced limitations like a lack of Arabic language support and voice chat features.

Abstract: Eighty-five rock samples corresponding to the Palaeozoic formations were taken from two wells in the NC 200 Block of the Murzuq Basin. The study aimed to find out geochemical characteristics of Silurian Bir Tlacsin/Tanezzuft Formations, the Devonian Awaynat Wanin/BDS II Formations, and the Carboniferous Marar/Lower Marar Formations. Rock-Eval analysis, Total organic carbon (TOC) parameters and specific Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) biomarkers were applied to determine the potential hydrocarbon generation. Per se, Rocks are good sources and hold fair content of organic matter, crossing in the range of good accumulation, in which the very good source rocks have an organic carbon richness (TOC) reached of 3.7 wt%. The studied rocks are ranged from immature to late mature organic matter (OM) with total organic carbon richness (TOC) range between 0.4 – 3.7 wt%. Rock-Eval parameters S1, S2, S3, Tmax, S2/S3, OI, PI and HI of the source rock samples have values ranged from 0.02 – 0.3, 0.22 – 6, 0.36 – 4, 423 – 443, 24= 350, 0 – 0.27 and 42 – 384 respectively. The range of hydrogen index (HI) related to oxygen index (OI) displays that all kerogen types from Type II to Type III are exist and increase with depth. The Tmax parameter is wide-ranging among studied formations, indicating different levels of organic matter maturity, from immature oil window and to late mature for the Devonian-Carboniferous and Silurian source rocks, associated with more depth. Molecular composition analysis of n-alkanes and other biomarkers supported the findings of Rock-Eval pyrolysis data, revealing varied hydrocarbon signatures across the formations. The Carbon isotope analysis (δ13C) suggested multiple sources contributing to the generated oil, including Type I to Type III kerogens.

Abstract: The Ordovician to Devonian succession in the in Murzuq Basin represents the most important part of the lower Paleozoic terrigenous Al Gargaf siliciclastic group, which consists of several formations such as the Ordovician Hawaz, Melaz Shuqran and Mamuniyat Formations and the Devonian Tadrart and Awainat Wanin Formations. Different integrated methods were used and implemented in order to understand lithology and sedimentary structures of the Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian formations. Firstly, intensive geological field trips were carried out and special attention was focused on Ordovician and Devonian reservoir sandstones and the Silurian source rocks. Secondly facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy methods were applied to figure out a simple sequence stratigraphic division of the Ordovician to Devonian succession based on outcrop sections, well logs and interpreted seismic sections. As a result of the petrographic field investigation and facies analysis based on seismic interpretation of the several seismic lines in the study area. Sequence boundaries of the Ordovician and Devonian succession on all seismic sections were identified by using specific reflection terminations such as onlap and erosional truncations features. 13 seismic facies were recognized, divided and classified for each of the examined stratigraphic formations (4 facies in Hawaz, 5 facies in Melaz Shuqran and Mamuniyat formations and 4 facies in the Tadrart and Awainat Wanin). A seismic facies classification chart was made on the basis of the classified seismic facies scheme, since depositional systems and types of seismic facies differ in each stratigraphic succession. Depositional sequences of sedimentary environments were identified from well logs and available 2D seismic sections and sequence stratigraphic frameworks were constructed for the Ordovician and Devonian formations. Based on the facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy interpretations, two different order sequences in the Ordovician to Devonian succession have been found and identified: The major sequences are possibly 2nd-order sequences in time duration. They are clearly traceable on all seismic sections. May be minor sequences are possibly 3rd-order sequences, and they are not traceable on all seismic sections clearly, but are recognized on well logs or outcrop sections. Eventually, all obtained information and that results were plotted on the different maps for each examined section to construct a depositional model and to estimate the maximum distributions of each formation separately on the basis of depositional system interpretations.

Keywords: Murzuq Basin, Al Gargaf siliciclastic group, Ordovician to Devonian succession, depositional system and seismic facies

Eighty-five rock samples corresponding to the Palaeozoic formations were taken from two wells in

the NC 200 Block of the Murzuq Basin. The study aimed to find out geochemical characteristics of

parameters and specific Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) biomarkers were 

applied to determine the potential hydrocarbon generation. Per se, Rocks are good sources and 

hold fair content of organic matter, crossing in the range of good accumulation, in which the very 

good source rocks have an organic carbon richness (TOC) reached of 3.7 wt%. The studied rocks 

are ranged from immature to late mature organic matter (OM) with total organic carbon richness 

(TOC) range between 0.4 – 3.7 wt%. Rock-Eval parameters S1, S2, S3, Tmax, S2/S3, OI, PI and HI 

of the source rock samples have values ranged from 0.02 – 0.3, 0.22 – 6, 0.36 – 4, 423 – 443, 24= 

350, 0 – 0.27 and 42 – 384 respectively. The range of hydrogen index (HI) related to oxygen index 

(OI) displays that all kerogen types from Type II to Type III are exist and increase with depth. The 

Tmax parameter is wide-ranging among studied formations, indicating different levels of organic 

matter maturity, from immature oil window and to late mature for the Devonian-Carboniferous and 

Silurian source rocks, associated with more depth. Molecular composition analysis of n-alkanes and 

other biomarkers supported the findings of Rock-Eval pyrolysis data, revealing varied hydrocarbon 

signatures across the formations. The Carbon isotope analysis (δ13C) suggested multiple sources 

contributing to the generated oil, including Type I to Type III kerogens. Silurian Bir Tlacsin/Tanezzuft Formations, the Devonian Awaynat Wanin/BDS II Formations, and

Large outbreaks of skin lesions in cattle have been observed recently throughout the governorate. The LSDV was

shown to be the causative factor. The local strain of LSDV was sequenced and deposited into GenBank, where it

was assigned the accession number MK552139 and designated as LSDV/Egy-BSU/2018. The discovered strain

resources were connected and to other LSDVs, however the phylogenetic tree clustered viruses of sheep pox, goat

pox, and LSD viruses independently. The GPCR gene nucleotide and the LSDV's inferred amino acid sequences

were examined in this work by comparing them to the corresponding reference sequences found in the GenBank.

ABSTRACT: Study area situated in the center of the Hameimat trough which is located in the southeast of the Sirte basin. The Hameimat trough contains two of the largest oil fields in Libya, Gialo and Abu-Attifel fields. The Upper Cretaceous Rachmat, Tagrifet, and Sirte Formations are considered as the main source rock in Sirte Basin.Organic geochemical study of the Upper Cretaceous Rachmat, Tagrifet and Sirte Formations show these Formations have total organic carbon content values of 0.53% to 3.35% fair to excellent as source rock. The Kerogen types are type II and III mixed continental and marine organic matter. The thermal maturity of these formations indicates a mature stage in oil window.Oil saturation index (OSI: S1*100/TOC) shows that Sirte and Rachamt formations have low oil saturation, while the Tagrifet formation has good potential, where OSI exceeds 140 mg HC/g TOC in the most samples of the formation. The Tagrifet formation considers a good unconventional reservoir for shale oil, where the Sirte and Rachmat formations consider possible for shale oil with high risk.

Keywords: Unconventional reservoirs, Organic geochemistry, Sirte basin, shale oil and gas

Abstract

This investigation examines the performance of tension and compression connections in steel beam-column assemblies and concrete slabs, with a particular focus on end-plate joints employing four bolts. By utilising advanced finite element modelling (FEM) and simulation techniques, the study aims to elucidate the behaviour of these joints under both service and extraordinary load conditions. While these connections exhibit favourable flexibility and resilience during typical use, they present challenges in transmitting exceptional loads without incurring joint failure and potential structural collapse, particularly when subjected to unexpected loading scenarios. The research employs a meticulous analytical approach utilising ABAQUS/CAD software. This analysis incorporates a comprehensive evaluation of various parameters, including inherent structural imperfections, material properties, the interplay between steel and concrete, and the influence of non-linear material behaviour. The findings indicate that while these joints perform adequately under standard loading conditions, they may exhibit susceptibility to failure under extreme stresses. This underscores the critical need for the development of adaptable and robust steel beam-column connections to ensure paramount structural safety and stability. Furthermore, the study emphasises the significance of continuous advancements in modelling and simulation techniques, enabling the effective resolution of intricate structural challenges. This investigation offers valuable insights that can be harnessed to develop more efficient and secure composite steel-concrete structures. Furthermore, the study emphasises the significance of continuous advancements in modelling and simulation techniques, which can be employed to mitigate potential structural hazards and enhance building practices, ultimately leading to safer and more resilient structures. © 2024 by authors, all rights reserved.

Author keywords

ABAQUS/CADComposite JointsDurabilityEnd Plate ConnectionsExceptional LoadsFlexibilitySimulation

• ISSN: 23321091
• Source Type: Journal
• Original language: English
• DOI: 10.13189/cea.2024.120437
• Document Type: Article
• Publisher: Horizon Research Publishing

  Saleh, B.; Department of Civil Engineering, School of Science Engineering, Libyan Academy, State of Libya

© Copyright 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.