This paper presents some initial studies for characterizing effects of human body movements on short range indoor links at 18-22 GHz. Firstly, measurement system is described, and then, calibration measurements along with initial results of the impact of human body movement on the channel are presented for some scenarios. 

This research paper was motivated by the observation that exams are the main (if not the sole) method of assessment in the postgraduate programs in the English departments in the University of Zawia and the Libyan Academy. The aim was investigating and experimenting the use of assignment as another method of assessing students’ achievement.

To fulfill this aim, the researcher taught the students in the two English departments separately and simultaneously one of the subjects, namely ELT Methodology. Instead of giving them a typical midterm exam, students were asked to do an assignment in which they evaluate the suitability of some textbooks in teaching and learning English as a foreign language and adapt these books to be suitable for the Libyan context. The same students were given a formal and final exam at the end of the course. The comparison of the scores of the two assessment methods has shown that students did better in the assignment than in the exam. This has supported the results of the questionnaire which was given to the same students. These results indicated that half of the students preferred using assignments to using exams while another considerable number preferred the use of a mixture of assignments and exams. Only a few students selected exams as their preferred method of assessment.

Therefore, it is recommended that assignment as a method of assessing students achievement should be integrated into MA programs in Libyan universities and academies due to its role in improving the students’ practical skills and abilities and enhancing their understanding of the learned subjects.  

Cutting samples (n = 150) and Core samples (n = 6) from the Taouratine, Dembaba, Assedjefar Marar, Awaynat Wanin, Tanezzuft and Mamuniyat Formations ( Jurassic to Ordovician), derived from wells (A-3, B-1, H-1 and H-15), locate in the A, B and H fields, present in Murzuq Basin were analysed. Rock-Eval Pyrolysis, Total Organic Carbon and specific Aromatic Molecular Biomarker (by the use of chromatography- mass spectrometry GC-MS) as geochemical parameters implemented to investigate their Lithology, kerogen type, organic matter (OM) richness and maturity evaluation. Such Formations are fair to very good quantity of organic matter passing in the course of excellent source rocks, have average of organic carbon richness (TOC) value ranged between 0.2% to 16.7% with one anomalously rich sample at 666m (well H-1) where a dark grey shale has a TOC content of 46.1% and high potential yield over 90000 ppm. The studied rocks are ranged from immature to mature of hydrogen index (HI) ranged between 24 - 302 mg HC/g TOC versus pyrolysis Tmax, with dominance of kerogen II/III Type, resulted based on HI versus oxygen index (OI), ranged from 3 to 161 mg CO2/g TOC. The Tmax , spore colouration (SCI) and Vitrinite Reflectance (% Ro) as maturity parameters ranged among 425 - 445, 5 - 8.5 and 0.35 - 3 respectively.

Aromatic hydrocarbon ratios by use of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry pointed to two levels of thermal maturity, where the high level of thermal maturity recorded in lower Silurian, whereas the less maturity was from other formations

Mobile wireless technologies have followed different evolutionary (generation) paths aimed at unified target related to the

performance and efficiency in high mobile environment, which provides access to wide range of telecommunication services

including advanced mobile services supported by mobile and fixed networks. This paper illustrate the developments of the

mobile wireless communication, focus on the specification and capability for each technology to make an idea about the future

technology what will offer.

In this project we used a combination of electrophysiology and fluorescent imaging to monitor synaptic transmission and calcium signalling in synaptic terminals. The study as a whole intended to examine how presynaptic calcium contributes to normal synaptic transmission within different hippocampal neuronal pathways. To this end, we used a transgenic mouse strain known as SyG37 that stably expresses a calcium sensor, SyGCaMP2-mCherry that is expressed in subsets of CNS neurones under the control of the Thy1 promoter. Our findings indicate that this new ratiometric sensor, in the SyG37 mouse strain, provides an excellent tool for detecting neural activity in acute brain slices. First, we showed that evoked calcium transients can be detected in acute brain slices prepared from SyG37 mice where electrical activation of Schaffer collaterals or mossy fibres elicited large calcium transients in area CA1 and CA3, respectively. Using immunohistochemical techniques, SyGCaMP2-mCherry co-localised with presynaptic proteins such as Bassoon, VGLUT1 and VGAT, confirming that it is expressed presynaptically in both excitatory and inhibitory terminals. Blocking fast glutamatergic and GABA/Glycinerergic transmission reduced the size of calcium transients in CA1 and CA3 by only 25 and 20% respectively indicating that the majority of the signals originated from first order presynaptic terminals. Pharmacologically, manipulating the adenosine receptor signalling pathway showed that the actions of adenosine, via the A1 receptor subtype, were different in the CA3 region compared to those in CA1. Forskolin also caused a small, concentration dependent effect on SyGCaMP2 fluorescence in response to electrical stimulation within both CA1 and CA3 regions with pronounced effects on field potential recordings. Together, with this SyG37 strain of transgenic mouse, it is possible to detect neuronal activity with fast temporal and high spatial resolution without the need for pre-incubation with organic calcium dyes or invasive viral transduction procedures.

Combustion systems are the least amenable of all gas turbine components to analyze. Among the literature overview made, it was realized that even though significant steps have been made in improving the combustor design procedure via the use of computational fluid dynamics, much of the design process still relies upon empirically derived rules. These rules include the calculation procedure of the required airflow rate by each zone of the combustion chamber to attain a suitable gas temperature, high values of combustion efficiency, low concentrations of pollutant species together with the determination of liner geometry that matches the chamber required performance goals with the constraints imposed by the engine dimensions [1,2,3, and 4]. The main target of this research work is to identify the proper procedure to distribute a predetermined airflow rate in annular type combustor and to generalize an effective calculation method that formulate and solve the problems in as much simplified and accurate manner as possible. The combustor dimensions and airflow rates in each zone is found in reference [5] and shown in Figure 1. It is designed with central vaporizing unit to deliver 516.3 KW of power with a geometrical constraint of 142 mm & 140 mm overall length and casing diameter, respectively, while the airflow rate is 0.8 kg/sec and the fuel flow rate is 0.012 kg/sec [5, 6].