This research presents patch antenna design that enhances its performance to work in 5G band with: sufficient bandwidth, acceptable insertion loss level and effective gain value. A selective procedure for finding suitable patch height has been undertaken. Parallel to this a technique of inserting appropriate Rectangular back holes in substrate has been also made. A simulation program using recent version of the well-known HFSS has been used for obtaining best of results. Sufficient bandwidth values in the range of (27 - 29.39)GHz with return loss range( -15dB - -33dB) have been obtained with acceptable gain value.

The security of the communication channels has become a hot research topic for the 5G due to the tremendous advancements in wireless communications over the past two decades, including the recent emergence of the fifth generation (5G) in mobile wireless communications, which is anticipated to support extremely large user connections and exponentially increase the wireless services. This paper describes a new approach to the problem of interception of wireless communication channels between the legitimate users. Physical Layer Security PLS is new topic enhancing the secrecy performance of a Single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) system for wireless communication from one base-station equipped by single transmitting antenna to many users equipped by multiple receiving antennas each. The receiving beamforming techniques “with a perfect channel CSI is assumed”, such as Maximum Ratio Combining MRC and Equal Gain Combining EGC is utilized in order to achieve the perfect secure receiving for the legitimate users. A downlink transmission of Multiple-input-Single-output (MISO) has been designed ‘Basestation’ equipped by multiple transmitting antennas and users (legitimate and Eavesdropper) with single receiving antenna can focus the information signal in the direction of the intended/information user while minimizing the signal's quality as received by an eavesdropper. The technique of Artificial Noise AN is also researched in addition to beamforming. The secrecy rate performance measured as Bit-error-ratio BER vs SNR in SIMO system model implemented with the receiving beamforming schemes MRC and EGC suggested that the MRC is considered as an optimal receive beamforming diversity technique in order to achieve a best secrecy rate of transmitted signal and as it was compared to secrecy rate performance resulted from MISO system model

Yagi-Uda antennas are known to be difficult to design and optimize due to their sensitivity at high gain, and the inclusion of numerous parasitic elements. There are various patch antennas used for Wi-Fi and Wi-MAX applications, but with high gain and directionality are requirement. Generally number of directors is raised to increase gain of these antennas. But, here we present modified designs of Yagi-Uda antennas, in which the directivity, gain and bandwidth can be enhanced by different techniques. In this paper initially discuss a design of a conventional Yagi-Uda antenna with four uniform directors is undertaken and uniform spacing between them. Results show that, the proposed techniques would enhance the directivity, gain as well as bandwidth when compared with the first design of Conventional Yagi-uda antenna. Finally, it can be said that the proposed design is suitable for Wi-Fi and Wi-MAX antennas with opertating frequency range starting from 2.45 GHz.

Abstract— Ninety-four rock samples were taken from the Middle to Late Devonian Awaynat Wanin, Early Carboniferous Marar, Late Carboniferous Assedjefar formations. The cuttings of Assedjefar Marar and Awaynat Wanin Formations collected from two wells, in the A1-163 oil field, locateed in the Murzuq Basin. RockEval Pyrolysis, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and molecular biomarker (via the use of chromatographymass spectrometry, GC-MS) as geochemical parameters were applied to find out the types of kerogen, depositional conditions and level of organic matter maturity for representative samples. Such Formations are poor to excellent quantity of organic matter. Results of TOC related with remaining generation potential (S2) and hydrogen index (HI) data showed that the organic matter attributed to Type II/III and Type III kerogen (gas and oilprone organic matter), as well connected to S1 parameter indicated indigenous hydrocarbon exist. Ratios data of individual hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, isoprenoids and biomarkers parameters of Triterpanes and steranes indicate non-marine with marine organic matter deposited under non-marine conditions for Awaynat Wanin samples while Marar and Assedjiefar Formations deposited in nonmarine to deltaic conditions. The maturity data from Tmax, spore colour index and biomarker related parameters based on terpanes, steranes, and low molecular-weight hydrocarbons indicate the studied rocks are ranged from immature to mature.

Key Words— Awaynat Wanin Formation, Middle to Late Devonian, Kerogen, Biomarker, Rock Eval, Murzuq Basin