STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective observational study.

OBJECTIVE: The study aims to evaluate the effects of early transfer of individuals with traumatic spinal cord injuries to a specialist

spinal injury centre, focusing on the duration of hospital and intensive care stays, as well as the incidence of medical complications.

SETTING: Regional Spinal Injuries Centre, UK.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with traumatic SCI admitted over a 4-year period to our Regional Spinal Injury Centre were

included in this study. A total of 104 patients were divided into 2 groups: those referred within 48 h (34 patients) and those referred

later after the injury but within 2 months of injury (70 patients). There were no differences in the number of patients with

tetraplegia or paraplegia or in the average age or sex between the two groups. there is no significant difference in the incidence of

associated injuries between the 2 groups.

RESULTS: Patients who were transferred early stayed less in the ICU than did those who were transferred late (9 and 25 days,

respectively; p < 0.05). The percentage of patients requiring ICU stay was also significantly lower (from 41–9%; p < 0.001); 24% of

patients in the early group had medical complications, while 45% of patients in the delayed group had these complications

(p < 0.05).The average length of hospital stay ( ± SD), including rehabilitation, in the early admission group was 121 (86.9) days,

while that in the delayed admission group was 188 (84.9) days (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION: Earlier admission of traumatic SCI patients to a spinal injury centre is associated with shorter acute care period,

shorter total hospital stay and reduced preventable complications.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the influence of practising strategic planning (SP) on crisis management (CM), which is a critical and growing area of study in strategic management literature. Another purpose is determining some of the trends in the literature involving the relationship between strategic planning and crisis management for future research.

Design/methodology/approach: To contribute to the advancement of knowledge about strategic responses to crises in general for institutions, the paper adopts a qualitative approach and uses the literature review method to collect relevant data through surveying several previous extant studies in English that were identified using

the Google Scholar platform and published between 2010 and 2024 related to the direct influence of practising strategic planning on crisis management in organisations. Navigating and selecting relevant studies was based on using the same keywords as this paper's title (influence of, practising, strategic planning, crisis management, organisation) and excluding those that are not. Moreover, the criterion of assessment is made by formulating a comparative table, and this table's contents included; author(s)/year, methodology and important results.

Findings: Despite the results of previous studies showing a close and direct link between strategic planning (SP) and crisis management (CM) and their impact on organisations' performance, the literature review on the study topic found few previous journal articles in English were identified using the Google Scholar platform and published between 2010 and 2024 related to the direct impact and influence of practising strategic planning (as an independent variable) on crisis management (as a dependent variable) in organisations. In addition, although most of the theories and instruments of strategic planning and crisis management were originally developed for large-sized institutions, the large number of previous empirical studies focused on small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Originality/value: This literature review aims to contribute to the strategic management literature by highlighting the main role of the influence of practising strategic planning on crisis management styles in organisations. Additionally, the paper tries to identify research trends and offers potential research avenues by the lens of strategic planning on crisis management styles and theoretical frameworks.

Keywords: Strategic Planning (SP), Strategic Management (SM), Crisis, Crisis Management (CM), Organisation, Literature Review.

Shame and guilt are critical self-conscious emotions that influence psychological well-being. The Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 (PFQ-2) is a widely used to assess these emotions, yet its psychometric properties within Arab populations remain underexplored. Additionally, psychological distress may mediate the relationships between resilience, religiosity, and emotional outcomes. This study examined the psychometric properties of the PFQ-2 among Libyan and Emirati Arab populations to assess shame and guilt. A total of 281 participants from Libya and the UAE completed self-report measures of shame and guilt (PFQ-2), resilience (Brief Resilience Scale), religiosity (Muslim Religiosity Scale), and psychological distress (DASS-8). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a two-factor structure (χ2 (76) = 101, p = 0.028, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.059), with the exclusion of two low-performing items “Disgusting to others” and “Laughable” improving model fit. Internal consistency was satisfactory for both shame (α = 0.80, ω = 0.80) and guilt (α = 0.84, ω = 0.85). Structural equation modeling indicated that psychological distress significantly mediated the negative associations between resilience and shame (β = −0.09, p = 0.004), and between extrinsic religiosity and shame (β = −0.06, p = 0.016). Gender and cultural differences emerged, with females reporting higher guilt than males (Mean Difference = 1.84, p = 0.041), and Libyan participants exhibiting higher levels of guilt (Mean Difference = 2.18, p = 0.016) and shame (Mean Difference = 2.76, p = 0.012) compared to Emirati participants. Post-hoc analysis revealed that Libyan females reported significantly higher guilt than UAE males (Mean Difference = 4.03, p = 0.039), whereas gender differences in shame were nonsignificant (F (1,28) = 0.008, p = 0.93). The findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive assessments and highlight psychological distress as a key factor in understanding resilience and religiosity in emotional well-being.

Current World Environment

Your prompt feedback and cooperation would be immensely valuable.

A new mechanical framework is introduced to describe bodies with time-continuous mass

variation, incorporating a functional dependence on mass. In this approach, the dynamics

are governed by momentum balance equations formulated using Caputo fractional

derivatives, which adhere to a weak form of Galilean invariance. The formulation is

particularly focused on the Meshchersky kinetics, accounting for both mass and velocity

changes. As a practical example, this paper presents a novel model for the motion of a

material body with continuously varying mass in a constant gravitational field—leading to

a time-fractional version of the Tsiolkovsky rocket equation, augmented by a dissipative

term. Under time-based approximation, deviations from vertical projectile motion are

analyzed to assess the internal consistency of the proposed model.

A three-parameter generalization of the Tsallis entropy based on the properties of the power functions and Weyl fractional calculus like extension of quantum calculus, are introduced. The generalization of the Shannon-Khinchin axioms corresponding to the fractional Tsallis entropy is verified and proposed. These axioms uniquely characterize new entropy function. For a certain sets of parameter values satisfied the second and third law of thermodynamics, the Lesche and thermodynamic stability criteria.