Marketing experts have debated for more than two decades about the effect of nationality and culture on marketing. However, most research on this issue was conducted in Western countries. An important question for marketers in the international arena, therefore, is whether the consumer's responses (i.e., sentiment and behavioural aspects) toward the global marketing programs in developing countries depend on culture. In a research representing a large sample of consumers and four different home appliances country-of-origin global operators in Libya, we explore the potential role of culture on consumers' responses toward foreign marketing programs. Results indicate that although the foreign companies have a tendency to adopted standardisation perspective, this does not impact on consumers' responses in a single cultural context toward marketing. The findings reveal that buying behavior was more a function of individual difference than of national cultural context. Further, our results suggest that for mainstream home appliances, segmenting on the basis of nationality is probably unnecessary and that a standardized approach would likely be successful across an increasingly relevant Arab world; and that continuing perceptions of Arab insularity are likely to be misplaced. Faced with the effectiveness of globally efficient marketing programs, local manufacturers would need to work hard to identify particular niche segments where a culturally-specific appeal might be more successful

Keywords: buyer's characteristics, consumer behaviour, the Arab World, marketing program, home appliances

The purpose of this study is to determine the suitability of system measurements on indoor radio wave propagation at (28–33GHz) which might be used by 5G communication.

This paper is the continuation of a research carried out by Alabish et.al, which depicts the scattering objects effects on a blocked indoor wireless 5G link by a human body using a simple approach. Some measurement were made on the scattering effects due to having an object close to the link in this case it is a human body. In this paper, more measurements were conducted at 32 GHz. The double knife-edge diffraction (DKED) model was used in order to foresee the attenuation due to human body. To test the prediction precision of the model, simulation was then compared with measurements. The obtained results indicate that the assumed simple models for the indoor links performed well.

This paper is concerned with studying the effects of human body blockage as well as surrounding objects scattering effects for an indoor 31 and 33 GHz link utilizing the Double Knife Edge Diffraction (DKED) model for diffraction effect on received signal.

For Arabic letters recognition, we achieve three of pattern recognition approaches namely gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), local binary pattern recognition (LBP) and artificial neural network (ANN) and compare between them to result best performance. Two of these methods level co-occurrence matrix and local binary pattern recognition are used for feature extraction whereas in artificial neural network (ANN) we use the intensity values of pixels for input of the neural network. Two classifiers are used, the K-Nearest Neighbor classifier (KNN) for the LBP, GLCM and neural network classifier for (ANN) artificial neural network. Also, we evaluate the results by using leave one person out approach, fold classification and leave one out.

Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the correlation relationship between the yield of two localized wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum,) Acsad 901 and Salamboo and Olsen phosphorus soil test (0.5 M of NaHCO3 at pH 8.5) values. The experimental site was run at west sector of Libya. The experimental site pH was 8.4 and the texture is sandy The experiment consisted of three replicates and three phosphate fertilizer rates which equivalent, (0, 60, and 120) kg P2O5 ha-1 for both genotypes. The results of grain yield of the experiment were expressed by relative values (Relative Yield). The relative yield (RY) illustrated the relationship between soil test values and the grain yield clearly. Very close correlation relationship (r = 0.98 ) between relative yield of grain and the soil test values of Salamboo was found whereas Acsad genotypes was achieved less correlation( r =0.69) at 0 kg P2O5 ha-1 for both genotypes. The similarity between the two genotypes was very close (r = 0.99 ) for treatments that received high phosphate rate.

this paper derives extended three-stage recursive identification algorithm of MISO for (CARARMA) systems. Based on The decomposition technique, four subsystems are obtained and the parameters of each subsystem are identified. Some model validation methods are computed to measure the model value and Akaike’s Final Prediction Error Criterion (FPE) is used to verify the selection of system order. The algorithm has a high computational efficiency because the covariance matrices dimensions become small in each subsystem. Finally, this algorithm effectiveness is demonstrated in simulation example.