Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cylinder is a thin pressure vessel used to meet energy requirements in household applications. Bursting of a pressure vessel is disastrous and many fatal accidents are happened due to pressure vessel bursting. The main goal of the current paper is focused to determine experimentally the burst pressures (BP) and failure locations of LPG cylinders. To ensure that the cylinders are in conformance with International Standards. The experiments were carried out on two samples of LPG cylinders used in Libya (C1 and C2). The experimental burst test investigations done by hydrostatic test in which the cylinders were internally pressurized with water. The permanent volume expansions of the LPG cylinders due to internal pressure were also examined. All tests in this study were subject to standard specifications (ISO 4706), which is needed to be conducted on LPG cylinders before introducing them to the Libyan market. Among these tests, the hydro-tests are major tests to be conducted on LPG Cylinders to get approval and acceptance. Hydro-tests on LPG cylinders reveal permanent volumetric expansion of the cylinder, nominal hoop stresses at the time of destruction and the internal pressure at which a cylinder burst. These values are important to ensure that the design and construction of cylinders are safe and compiled to standards.

The main goal of the current paper is focused to investigate and reveal the importance critical

transition temperatures. Different techniques were used to reveal the critical transition temperatures.

The medium carbon vanadium titanium and titanium free micro alloyed steels tested in this work by

isothermal treatment. In order to reveal experimentally the critical forming temperatures and

compare it by predicted using equations and also describe the influence of alloying elements

on the transformation behavior, martensitic starting formation temperature. This study

has been carried out over a wide range of isothermal treatment temperature (270-350

The spread of ICT in education and learning has changed the way of teaching and learning, and

this raised the issue of getting e-learning systems to adapt/personalize with respect to student's

knowledge achievement. However, the relation between the concepts in the programming domain

are not definitive and they are fuzzily related. In this Paper, we describe a practical experience for

developing adaptable e-learning system using fuzzy logic to model and evaluate student's

knowledge for the purpose of adaptation in the field of Computer Programming. Fuzzy logic

technique modeled as a plugin on MOODLE Learning Management System at the Libyan

Academy for Postgraduate Studies is developed. Conclusions highlighted some important lessons

in increasing learning effectiveness and learner's satisfaction.

Abstract

in this paper, (CFD) Computational Fluid Dynamics was used for a detailed burner design by the software Fluent (ANSYS). However, a number of numerical simulations were performed on a generic swirl burner and turbulence flow selection of a non-premixed which using syngas. However, non-premixed flames which characterized by relatively high temperatures, high NOx concentrations, and emission indices. The results showed that the presence of methane in syngas increases the peak flame temperature and the thermal NOx, significantly. Therefore, Investigation showed that effecting of H2, CO, and N2 contents in the fuel mixture level NOx emissions, thus the present compositions for pure methane are respectively influenced on syngas1 by (10% CH4, 45% H2, 45% CO) , syngas2 by (50% CH4, 10% H2, 40%N2) and syngas3 (60% CH4, 20% H2, 20%N2).

The fuel burnup examination is vital to improve the operating of nuclear reactors safely and economically and it is essential information in the safety analysis report. This study focuses on determination of the percentage of the fuel burnup of the Tajoura Nuclear Research Centre (TNRC)'s reactor. All macroscopic cross sections as a function of fuel burnup were obtained by the WIMS-ANL code. The core calculations are generated by using REBUS-PC in order to evaluate the core effective multiplication factorkeff and fuel burnup at the end of the fuel cycle. The results of the fuel burnup show that that the maximum percentage of the burnup is 33 %. Moreover, the average fuel burnup percentage in the core is 31.5 % which leads to reload the core with fresh fuel or shuffling the fuel. In addition, There is an obvious agreement between the current results of all control rods worth and the experimental measurements.

The aim of the present work is to guarantee the safety of the Tajoura Nuclear Research Centre's reactor (TNRC) as a result of a hypothetical Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA). Transient evaluation of the postulated LOCA in primary coolant system is executed using PARET/ANL Code. A large break (LB LOCA) is assumed and the location of the rupture is supposed to be in the main primary circuit pipe at the outlet of the storage pool i.e. 3.5 m above the reactor core's level. Therefore, the core is covered with water and natural convection mainly provides the cooling after the accident and stopping the primary circuit pumps. The simulations are performed at the operating power of the reactor equals to 9 MW and for 180 s after the postulated rupture. The results show that SCRAM occurs at 14 s after the transient and primary circuit pumps stop at 103 s. Therefore, the cooling of the core is achieved at the beginning by the forced convection then the reversal flow takes place and the natural convection roles the cooling. In addition, the results show that the reactor is safe since the clad surface temperature (8٦ °C) at the hottest channel is lower than the maximum permitted value this means the existence of sufficient water above the core to cool it by the natural convection.

Abstract

Tall structures and towers have captivated humans for thousands of years, and so they are a fact of modern life in cities for a variety of reasons. However, the most challenging design problem is meeting operational performance requirements and maintaining occupant comfort. Not only are the site energy costs high, the attendant environmental consequences of using non-renewable energy sources are great. This fact prompted searchers and designers to advance and fully embrace green and environmentally friendly design. One of the key goals of the green building movement and technique is to reduce the material, constructional, and operational costs of buildings. This goal can be accomplished by drawing on the synergies

between building geometry, material usage, and the local climate demands. Architect Ken Yeang, in his famous book The Green Skyscraper, suggests that in different climate zones, they should be arranged in different locations to reduce the yearly energy consumption of the building. But Yeang’s claim of the structural system parameters have clear implications for structural performance since buildings with asymmetric distribution of stiffness are known to be susceptible to damaging torsional modes of vibration when subjected to wind or earthquake loading. Thus, this study performs thermal and structural analysis to address the implications of different footprints and core placements on energy and structural performance. The results demonstrate that to accomplish Yeang's claim, a supplementary lateral load resistance system is needed, which demands additional structural material. As a result, buildings with an asymmetric distribution of stiffness are the most expensive, which has a negative impact on the building's

environmental and economic aspects.